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Remarkable Plenary Non-Jurisdictional Agreement of 27 January 2026 remated to the Trucks-cartel
On 27 January 2026, the Spanish Supreme Court adopted a Plenary Non-Jurisdictional Agreement proposing systematic mediation in pending “Trucks Cartel” cassation appeals. The measure, aimed at managing mass competition damages litigation, raises key issues regarding ADR voluntariness, judicial sustainability and the architecture of private enforcement in the EU.

Maria José Azar-Baud
Feb 17


All shades of the representative Actions Directive on protection of the Collective Interest of Consumers authored
I am pleased to share my article published in ThoughtLeaders4 Competition Magazine (Issue 11, November 2025). It examines how EU Member States have transposed the Representative Actions Directive (EU) 2020/1828, revealing a landscape of minimum harmonisation and significant procedural divergence. The article highlights key implications for collective redress and cross-border representative actions across the EU.

Maria José Azar-Baud
Dec 11, 2025


Towards a Rational Treatment of Serial Litigation
I am pleased to contribute to the presentation of the Cercle des Juristes’ report on the rational treatment of serial litigation. This collective work highlights the shortcomings of existing group actions and puts forward concrete proposals for building a more effective procedural framework.

Maria José Azar-Baud
Dec 10, 2025


The Renewal of Group Actions in Labour Law
I am pleased to have contributed to a special issue on the renewal of group actions in labour law, offering a critical and comparative analysis of recent reforms to group actions in French law following the DDADUE Act of 30 April 2025.

Maria José Azar-Baud
Dec 10, 2025


Collective momentum : Legal frameworks and procedural innovation in Group Actions
I had the opportunity to join the panel “Collective Momentum: Legal Frameworks and Procedural Innovation in Group Actions” at the IMN Litigation Finance International Conference in London. The discussion highlighted the rapid evolution of funding for collective, representative and group actions, as well as key legal and procedural developments shaping the future of mass claims, competition disputes and ESG litigation.

Maria José Azar-Baud
Dec 3, 2025


The concentration of cross-border economic litigation through Collective Actions
I had the pleasure of speaking at the conference on the Concentration of Cross-Border Litigation at the University of Toulouse Capitole. I discussed the growing role of collective actions in shaping international economic disputes, highlighting parallel cases across countries involving major digital platforms and the shared pursuit of fair and symmetrical justice for victims worldwide.

Maria José Azar-Baud
Nov 13, 2025


Reflections from Sweden: Emerging Practices and Dilemmas in European Collective Redress
On 6 november 2025, I had the occasion to participate, in Sweden, at the Emerging practices and Remaining dilemmas in European Collective redress’ vent organized by The Swedish Network for European Legal Studies Grateful thanks to Eva Storskrubb Antonina Bakardjieva Engelbrekt for their kind invitation.

Maria José Azar-Baud
Nov 6, 2025


Trust-Building Narratives and Transparent Communication in Representative Actions
An overview of how clear, transparent and trust-building communication can help consumers understand representative actions and reinforce confidence in collective redress mechanisms.

Maria José Azar-Baud
Oct 30, 2025


Building Effective Communication Strategies for Collective Redress Campaigns
On 22 October, I presented a session on building structured communication strategies for collective redress in the EU. The discussion focused on key challenges faced by Qualified Entities, including jurisdictional choices, funding gaps, SLAPP risks, and the importance of coordinated communication. We also explored good practices to support transparency, public awareness and trust, and how EC-REACT can strengthen cooperation across Member States. Developing a structured commun

Maria José Azar-Baud
Oct 21, 2025


International Legal Finance Association
On September 22, I joined the roundtable organized by the International Legal Finance Association (ILFA) in Brussels. The discussion brought together representatives of the European Commission, ILFA, NGOs, and funders to address the most pressing terms in Litigation Funding Agreements, including early termination, unilateral modification by the funder, and other critical issues.

Maria José Azar-Baud
Sep 21, 2025


Collective Litigation in Europe: Law and Practice
Collective Litigation in Europe: Law and Practice – landmark legal publication on collective litigation in Europe, released on January 10, 2025 by JURIS (966 pages, over 40 contributors). Covers 33 European countries + comparative perspectives (Australia, Brazil, Canada, Israel, Japan, USA). Includes my contribution: France chapter.

Maria José Azar-Baud
Sep 16, 2025


European Collective Redress Circle
Highlights from the European Collective Redress Circle 2025 in Cascais: key debates on group actions, legal challenges, and new opportunities.

Maria José Azar-Baud
Sep 3, 2025


New Avenues for Costs and Funding
Happy to share the book Sustaining Access to Justice : New Avenues for Costs and Funding: Civil Justice Systems (Xandra Kramer and al....

Maria José Azar-Baud
Jun 27, 2025
The brand new Group action regime (Law No. 2025-391 of April 30, 2025) transposing the Representative Actions Directive
After the abandonment of the bill on group action that had kept the French Parliament busy between 2020 and 2024 [1] , the law...

Maria José Azar-Baud
Jun 27, 2025


Draft amendment of the Swiss Code of Civil procedure
On June 26, 2025, I had the honor to speak remotely before the Swiss Parliament during the hearing on the Draft Amendment of the Swiss Code of Civil Procedure. My contribution offered a comparative perspective on organizational actions and collective settlements, highlighting both strengths and weaknesses of the current draft.

Maria José Azar-Baud
Jun 25, 2025


Aggregate Litigation Conference 2025
24-25 juin 2025 : I’d like to thank Robert Klonoff, Magdalena Tulibacka, Theo Broodryk and Stellenbosch University (South Africa) for...

Maria José Azar-Baud
Jun 23, 2025


Artificial intelligence, data protection and fundamental rights
20 June 2025 : At the French Data authority, I had the pleasure to discuss Artificial intelligence & Collective actions to raise ongoing...

Maria José Azar-Baud
Jun 19, 2025


The European Class Actions Forum 2025
11 et 12 Juin 2025 I was happy to be part of the advisory board of the ThoughtLeaders4 Disputes | TL4D event in Amsterdam on June 12 & 13...

Maria José Azar-Baud
Jun 10, 2025


EC-REACT platform
10 Juin 2025 On June 10, the European Commission presented the EC-REACT platform to Qualified entities and, within the context of the...

Maria José Azar-Baud
Jun 9, 2025


Cambridge forum on European Collective Redress
4 au 6 Juin 2025 Honored to have been, once again, part of the steering Committee, leading the Cambridge Forum on European Collective...

Maria José Azar-Baud
Jun 3, 2025
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